The landscape of material research is undergoing a rapid transformation. Smart chemicals, crafted with sophisticated methods, are emerging as the driving force of this revolution. These compounds possess remarkable properties, enabling them to react to their environment in predictable ways. From autonomous materials to biosensors, smart chemicals a

Nanoparticles exhibit unique optical properties that have sparked widespread interest in their application for diverse technological domains. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), a particular class of nanomaterials, exhibit the remarkable ability to convert near-infrared radiation into visible light. This phenomenon has opened vast possibilities in